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- 1. The crocodile is in the river.
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- iw mzH m itrw
- Simple non-verbal sentence with adverbial predicate (also called
an adverbial sentence). Begins with the particle iw. Subject is the noun mzH (crocodile), adverbial predicate (preposition+noune;
m itrw), in the river.
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- 2. The moon rejoices when the sun is in his horizon.
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- iw rS iaH Ra m ax.t=f
- Verbal sentence beginning with the particle iw. Subject is nominal, iaH (moon). Verb is intransitive. There is a circumstantial subordinate
clause (non verbal) not introduced by iw.
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- 3. Your name is heard by the vizier.
- iw sDm.tw rn=k in TA.t.y
- Verbal sentence using the passive sDm.tw=f. Subject is nominal, rn=k (your name). The agent, TA.t.y (vizier) is introduced by the particle in.
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- 4. This scribe is in his office by day (and) by night.
- iw zS pn m xA=f m ra m grH
- Non-verbal sentence (adverbial sentence). Nominal subject (zS, scribe). Adverbial predicate (in his office) with adverbial
modifiers (in day, in night).
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- 5. The donkey goes down to the city upon another road.
- iw hAi aA n niw.t Hr k.t wA.t
- Verbal sentence, beginning with the particle iw. Verb (hAi) is intransitive, 3rd weak, and in circumstantial
sDm=f form. Subject is nominal (donkey). Adverbial predicate (to the
city) with adverbial modifier (upon another road).
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- 6. The scribe sends this boat.
- iw hAb zS dp.t tn
- Verbal sentence beginning with the particle iw. Nominal subject (zS, scribe). Verb is transitive, in circumstantial sDm=f form. Object is fem. noun (dp.t, boat).
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- 7. He rejoices because of your utterance.
- iw rS=f Hr r=k
- Verbal sentence with adverbial predicate. Subject is suffix pronoun
(3rd pers. masc. sing.,=f, he). Verb is intransitive, 2-lit. Predicate is a preposition+noun
(adverbial), Hr (upon, because)+r=k (your utterance).
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- 8. This land is in joy when you are in the sky.
- iw tA pn m rSw.t iw=k m p.t
- Non-verbal sentence with adverbial predicate (or, adverbial sentence).
Nominal subject (tA pn, this land). Adverbial predicate (prep. + noun; m rSw.t) modified by a subordinate clause (another non-verbal construction)
introduced by iw (used to support the suffix pronoun).
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- 9. He goes down to this city, his daughter with him.
- iw xdi=f r niw.t tn iw zA.t=f Hna=f
- Verbal sentence (with initial particle, iw), with adverbial predicate. Pronominal subject (3rd person, masc.
sing. suffix pronoun, f, he). 3rd weak verb, intransitive, circumstantial sDm=f form. Predicate is adverbial (preposition + noun; r niw.t tn, to this city). The second sentence is not introduced by the
particle iw,. but is part of the discourse introduced by the first sentence.
It is described as paratactically linked to the initial sentence
and this means it does not need the initial particle, iw.
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