The Stela of Merenptah

This is a poetic account of the victory of Merenptah over the Libyans, who had invaded Egypt in the fifth year of his reign. The text has a special significance due to it's mentioning of Israel as one of the conquered peoples and places. In fact this is the only mentioning of Israel amongst any known ancient Egyptian text. For this reason, the Merenptah Stela is sometimes referred to as the Israel Stela.

Linguistically, this text is written in what can be called "partial late egyptian". It is basically Late Egyptian, but with the inclusion of some Middle Egyptian constructs.

If you are more familiar with Middle Egyptian than Late Egyptian, have a look at Serge Rosmorduc's Late Egyptian notes, which give an outline of some of the differences between the two.

Since the texts includes Late Egyptian vocabulary, you will find that some words will not be present in Faulkner's dictionary, as this only covers Middle Egyptian. Alternatives are Hannig's Großes Handwörterbuch Ägyptisch-Deutch, or the online searchable dictionary from the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie d. Wissenschaften (both in German).

Related Links:

The Hieroglyphic Text of the Merenptah Stela
Serge Rosmorduc's Late Egyptian introductory notes
Searchable online dictionary of ancient Egyptian