Date: Thu, 13 Nov 2008 18:40:13 -0500 From: "John Corridan" To: "Ancient Egyptian Language List" Subject: Re: AEL Uses of jw Hi Cali: I'm not sure if you'd consider this to be an additional "use" of jw, but Ranke (page 13) lists a few personal names which appear to employ this particle. John Corridan ============================================================================== Date: Sat, 15 Nov 2008 13:45:35 +0100 From: Serge Rosmorduc To: Ancient Egyptian Language List Subject: Re: AEL Uses of jw This use: >> supporting pronominal subject in adverbial phrases in Late Egyptian is not at all late egyptian. adverbial sentences in Late Egyptian take the "first present" pronoun when they are independant (tw=i, tw=k/tw=T, *sw*/*st*, tw=n, tw=tn, *st*). As far as "full" Late Egyptian (documentary) is concerned, the use of "iw" is reasonably simple: * it can convert any independant sentence into a circumstantial one tw=i m niwt "I am in Thebes" => iw=i m niwt "when I am in Thebes" the use you give with sDm.n=f is simply a litterary use of this construct, albeit a complex one, because sDm.n=f is not a late egyptian form. It occurs in "partial late egyptian", i.e. Late Egyptian mixed with Middle Egyptian constructs. * it can also introduce the continuative tense called the "sequential", which is ALWAYS iw+ SUBJECT+ (Hr) sDm, and which continues an existing narrative construct. Note that some scholars (mostly Junge) believe this is a special use of the circumstantial construct. However, it is obviously quite grammaticalized. * It can introduce the third future "iw SUBJECT r sDm". Hence, a circumstantial third future would be "iw iw=i r sDm" * the last use is the "parenthetic" iw, which could probably be considered as a special case of the circumstantial converter. Now, for more exotic uses: In Late "Late Egyptian" and then in demotic, the third person pronoun for the first present, formelly "sw Hr sDm", became "iw=f Hr sDm" (but only for the third person). A similar phenomenon was seen in relative clauses, where "nty iw=f Hr sDm" became "nty iw=f Hr sDm" in Late Late Egyptian and demotic. The use of "iw" in texts which mix Late Egyptian and Middle Egyptian is quite complex. For instance, in royal inscriptions, you may find "iw sDm.n=f" in its classical Middle Egyptian, independant, use. As a matter of fact, the full circumstantial "iw" is not very usual in royal inscriptions like Qadesh. Best regards, S. Rosmorduc ==============================================================================