Date: Mon, 27 Aug 2007 08:40:54 +0200 From: Serge Rosmorduc To: Ancient Egyptian Language List Subject: AEL New version of JSesh (2.4.13) Version 2.4.13 of JSesh has just been released. It solves a critical bug in 2.4.12 (the "save" function did not work properly). So, if you have downloaded 2.4.12, please get 2.4.13 instead. Notable features of these versions: * Better mac integration * many improvement in the palette Best regards S. Rosmorduc ============================================================================== From: To: "Ancient Egyptian Language List" Subject: AEL ALLEN GLYPHSTUDY COLLATION 22.19 Date: Sat, 1 Sep 2007 00:26:27 -0500 22.19 Transliteration: anx.k jr.f m jSst...j.n.sn nTrw anx.j m xt pw bnr jm(j) kAr nTr Dissection: 1) anx.k = "you will live" 2) jr.f = "so" (16.7.2) 3) m = "with, through, by ("in" the use of)" 4) jSst = "what" interrogative pronoun (5.11) 5) j.n.sn = (22.19) parenthetic "they say" 6) nTrw = "the gods" 7) anx.j = "I will live" 8) m = "with, through, by ("in" the use of)" 9) xt pw bnr = "the wood that is sweet" 10) jm(j) = "within" 11) kAr nTr = "the shrine of the god" Translation: "So, what will you live on," the gods say. "I will live on the sweet wood that is in the shrine of the god." 22.19 anx.k jr.f m jSst j.n.sn nTrw anx.j m xt pw bnr jmj kAr nTr anx = verb 3-lit = live anx.k = prospective = you will live jr.f = enclitic particle = so m = preposition = on jSst = interrogative pronoun = what anx.k jr.f m jSst = so, on what will you live j.n.sn nTrw = say they, the gods (S22.18) anx.j = prospective = I will live m = preposition = on xt = noun = wood pw = demonstrative pronoun = that bnr = adjective-verb 3 lit = sweet anx.j m xt pw bnr = I will live on that sweet wood jmj = prepositional nisbe = which is inherent in (S8.4.6 and 7) kAr = noun = shrine nTr = noun = god jmj kAr nTr = inherent in the shrine of the god anx.k jr.f m jSst j.n.sn nTrw anx.j m xt pw bnr jmj kAr nTr = So, on what will you live, say they, the gods. I will live on that sweet wood which is in the shrine of the god ============================================================================== From: To: "Ancient Egyptian Language List" Subject: AEL ALLEN GLYPHSTUDY COLLATION 22.18 Date: Sat, 1 Sep 2007 00:25:48 -0500 --- See http://www.rostau.org.uk/AEgyptian-L/ for AEL resources. --- Copyright in the following belongs to the undersigned. --- To reply privately, send to kmotc@swbell.net 22.18 transliteration: 1.) r n rdjt jry SAwAbtj kA(w)t m Xrt-nTr 2.) Dd-mdw ... j SAwAbtj.j pn jr jp.tw wsjr N r jrt kA(w)t nb(t) jrrwt jm m Xrt-nTr 3.) ... r srd sx(w)t r smHt wDb(w) r Xnt Sa n jmntt n jAbtt 4.) jry.j m.k wj kA.k translation: 1. A spell to induce a shawabti to do the work in the necropolis 2. Recitation: ... Oh, this shawabti of mine, if Osiris N is assigned to do any work that is done in the necropolis 3. ... to plant fields, to flood the banks, and to transport sand to the west or to the east, 4. "I will do it. Here I am", you will say. Line 1 This line is a heading; like many such phrases, it involves an infinitive. It starts off with the noun 'r' which here means "spell". This is modified by a prepositional phrase starting with 'n' which here means "to" or "for". The object of the preposition if the infinitival phrase 'rdjt jry SAwAbtj kA(w)t m Xrt-nTr'. 'rdjt' is a form of the infinitive of the anom. verb 'rdj'. The object of the infinitive is a clause starting with the subjunctive 'jry' of the 3ae-inf. verb 'jrj' ("make, do"). The subject of 'jry' is 'SAwAbtj' which is typically transliterated into English as "shawabti". The subjunctive of a verb after a form 'rdj' has causative meaning; thus, 'rdjt jry SAwAbtj' means"make/cause/induce a shawabti to do". The object of 'jry' is 'kAwt' which means "work" (Yes, I recognize that 'kawt' is plural, but I'm not convinced that "works" (as in Allen's translation) in the context of multiple tasks/projects is proper English. If one wants to emphasize the plurality of 'kawt' in the translation, maybe "tasks" or some similar word would be a better choice). 'jry' is modified by the prepositional phrase 'm Xrt-nTr' which means "in the necropolis". Lines 2 and 3 These lines begin with 'Dd-mdw' which literally means "saying words", but is commonly translated "recitation". These words typically introduce the text proper after other headings (such as line 1 in this exercise). This is followed by the interjection 'j' ("oh") and the vocative 'SAwAbtj.j pn'. The 1S suffix pronoun (written with the M17 glyph) attached to 'SAwAbtj' denotes possession ("my"). 'SAwAbtj.j' is followed by the demonstrative pronoun 'pn' ("this"). Thus, 'SAwAbtj.j pn' means "this my shawabti" or "this shawabti of mine". (In his solution to this exercise, Allen gives this bit as 'SAwAbtj jpn' with the translation "this shawabti". According to section 5.10.2, 'jpn' is an archaic *plural* demonstrative pronoun. QUESTION: What leads Allen to his transliteration and translation? If he is identifying the glyphs correctly, is this a defective writing since 'SAwAbtj' is singular? Is there anything about this line that rules out my interpretation? The rest of the line is the protasis of a conditional sentence marked by 'jr' ("if"). Following 'jr' is 'jp.tw' which involves the subjunctive of the 2-lit. verb 'jp' which means "allot, assign". Attached is the passive suffix 'tw'. The subject of the clause is the noun phrase 'wsjr N', "Osiris N". The verb is modified by a few prepositional phrases. The first begins with the preposition 'r' and runs to the end of line 2. This object of 'r' is an infinitival phrase starting with the infinitive of the 3ae-inf. verb 'jrj' ("do, make"). The object of 'jrt' is 'kAwt nbt' ("any work"). The combination of 'r' with the infinitive 'jrt' is used here to describe purpose so 'r jrt kAwt nbt' means "to do any work". Besides 'nbt', 'kAwt' is modified by the (participial) phrase 'jrrwt jm m Xrt-nTr'. Allen tells us that 'jrrwt jm' means "that is done". 'jrrwt' is modified by the prepositional phrase 'm Xrt-nTr' which means "in the necropolis". Line 3 consists of three more prepositional phrases that modify 'jp' in line 2. They are all similar to the prepositional phrase in line 2 in that they consist of the preposition 'r' followed by an infinitival phrase. The first is 'r srd sxwt' where 'srd' is the infinitive of the caus. 2-lit. verb 'srd' ("plant"), and 'sxwt' ("fields") is the object of the infinitive. The second is 'r smHt wDbw' where 'smHt' is the infinitive of the caus. 3ae-inf. verb 'smHj' ("flood"), and the object of the infinitive is 'wDbw' ("banks"). The last one is 'r Xnt Sa n jmntt n jAbtt' where 'Xnt' is the infinitive of the 3ae-inf. verb 'Xnj' ("transport (by boat)"), and the object of the infinitive is 'Sa' ("sand"). 'Xnt' is modified by two prepositional phrases: 'n jmntt' ("to the west") and 'n jAbtt' ("to the east"). Line 4 The last line contains the apodosis of the conditional sentence. It consists of a direct quote that is marked by the parenthetic 'kA' which appears at the end of the quote (and the line). Attached to 'kA' is the 2MS suffix pronoun 'k' which identifies the speaker ("you"). Since the parenthetic 'kA' is used to denote future speech, 'kA.k' is translated here as "you will say". The quote consists of two pieces. The first is the clause 'jry.j'. This involves the subjunctive of the 3ae-inf. verb 'jrj' ("do, make"). Attached is the 1S suffix pronoun 'j' which is the subject ("I") of the clause. The subjunctive is used here to denote the actor's future intention, so 'jry.j' is translated as "I will do it" where the object "it" is used in the translation since the English verb "do" is transitive. This is followed by 'm.k wj'. This probably literally means "behold me" and is paraphrased here as "Here I am". ============================================================================== From: To: "Ancient Egyptian Language List" Subject: AEL ALLEN GLYPHSTUDY COLLATION 22.17 Date: Sat, 1 Sep 2007 00:25:07 -0500 22.17 xp m Htp, Xnw.j tw, j.t(j) jn jmnt nfrt. "'Walk in peace, I will join you,' says the good west." xp - imperative of the 3ae-inf. verb xpj "walk, meet" m Htp - adverbial prep. phrase "in peace" "Walk in peace." Xnw.j - prospective (?) of the 3-lit. verb "join, unite" with 1S suffix pronoun as subject. tw - 2MS dependent pronoun, object of Xnw "I will join you." j.t(j) jn - parenthetic "says" jmnt - noun "the west" nfrt - adjective "good, beautiful" modifying jmnt "...says the beautiful west." 22.17 xp m Htp Xnm.j tw j.t(j) jn jmnt nfrt Walk in peace, and I will join you, says the beautiful West. xp = Walk, imperative of xpj m Htp =in peace Xnm.j = I will join, subjunctive tw = you, 2ms dependent pronoun, object of Xnm.j j.t(j) jn = says, parenthetic (feminine) jmnt nfrt = the beautiful West, the speaker This is a sentence with direct speech indicated by a parenthetic. The parenthetic comes after the quotation (§22.19). Its form is j.tj jn, which is used with a feminine noun, in this case jmnt nfrt, the beautiful West The quotation itself starts with an imperative xp m Htp, walk in peace. This is followed by the verbal sentence Xnm.j tw, I will join you. 22.17 xp m Htp Xnm.j tw j.t(j) jn jmnt nfrt xpj - walk, meet m - in Htp - peace Xnm - join, unite. Here, prospective active tw - you j.t(j) jn NOUN - parenthetics, 'says the' jmnt - the West nfrt - beautiful, the ending t agrees with the previous feminine noun. SO: Walk in peace and I will join you, says the beautiful West. 22.17 I got something very different from what Allen did, so I guess I'm wrong, but I'm going to put it up anyway. ORIENTATION: Right to left, horizontal, prograde, animal signs truncated at bottom. TRANSLITERATION: xp m Htp Xnm m jt(j)w j.t(j) jn jmnt nfrt Allen: xp m Htp Xnm.j tw ? TRANSLATION: "Walk in peace, unite with the fathers, says the beautiful west." Allen: "Walk in peace and I will join you, says?" VOCABULARY: xpj = verb, 3inf = "walk, meet" Xnm = verb, 3lit = "join, unite" m = preposition jtj = noun, m = "father" j.t(j) jn = parenthetic intro = "says?" jmnt = noun, f = "west" nfr = adjective = "good, beautiful" GRAMMAR: xp = imperative m Htp = prepositional phrase Xnm = passive m jt(j) = prepositional phrase j.t(j) jn jmnt = introduces parenthetic speaker jmnt nfrt = feminine in agreement with jmnt GARDINER SIGNS: Aa1*Q3:D54-G17-R4:X1*Q3-W9-G17-M17-X1:G43-M17-X1-M17-N35-R14-X1:N25- F35-D21:X1 Aa1*Q3:D54 x-p- Det MOTION G17 m R4:X1*Q3 Htp-t-p W9 Xnm G17 m M17-X1:G43 j-t-w M17-X1 j-t M17-N35 j-n R14-X1:N25 jmnt-t- Det DESERT F35-D21:X1 nfr-r-t ============================================================================== From: To: "Ancient Egyptian Language List" Subject: AEL ALLEN GLYPHSTUDY COLLATION 22.16 Date: Sat, 1 Sep 2007 00:24:12 -0500 22.16 jr jwt.k r.j m HfAt m(w)t.kA ra sfT.kA.t(w) aApp jr = if (introduces subjunctive in conditional sentence) jw = anom verb = come jr jwt.k = subjunctive + suffix pronoun = if you come r.j = preposition + suffix pronoun = against me m = preposition = as HfAt = noun = snake mwt = verb 3-lit = die m(w)t.kA = sDm.kA.f form = will die re = Re jr jwt.k r.j m HfAt m(w)t.kA ra = if you come against me as a snake, Re will die sfT = verb 3-lit = cut up, butcher sfT.kA.t(w) = sDm.kA.f form = will be butchered aApp = Apophis sfT.kA.t(w) aApp = Apophis will be butchered jr jwt.k r.j m HfAt m(w)t.kA ra sfT.kA.t(w) aApp = If you come against me as a snake, Re will die and Apophis will be butchered 22.16 Transliteration: jr jwt.k r.j m HfAt m(w)t.kA ra sfT.kA.t(w) aApp(j) Dissection: 1) jr = introductory particle; begins protasis of conditional sentence (19.7) 2) jwt.k = subjunctive of verb anom. jwj/jj 3) jr jwt.k r.j = "If you should come against me..." 4) m HfAt = m of predication (10.6); "as a snake" 5) m(w)t.kA = sDm.kA.f form of mwt "die" 6) ra = Re (god) 7) m(w)t.kA ra = "(then) Re will die" 8) sfT.kA.t(w) = passive sDm.kA.f form of sfT "cut up, butcher" 9) aApp(j) = Apophis (giant snake who inhabits the Duat and tries to prevent the sun's nightly journey through it). Apophis was also the name of a Hyksos pharaoh (c. 1560 BC) (Essay 24). Translation: "If you come against me as a snake, then Re will die and Apophis will be butchered." ============================================================================== From: To: "Ancient Egyptian Language List" Subject: AEL ALLEN GLYPHSTUDY COLLATION 22.20 Date: Sat, 1 Sep 2007 00:27:02 -0500 22.20 transliteration: m grg dwA(w) nj jjt.f translation: Don't set it up tomorrow before it has come This sentence involves a negative imperative. The negation is accomplished by 'm' which is the imperative form of the negative verb 'jmj'. This is followed by the negatival complement of the 3-lit. verb 'grg' ("set up, found, establish". Looking at Faulkner, this verb has a number of potential translations to English that are vaguely related to each other. Without context, there is no way to decide which is best.) which is formed by appending 'w' to the base stem. 'm grg' thus means "don't establish/found it" or "don't set it up" where the object "it" is included because the verbs used in the English translations are all transitive (including "set up"; "don't set up" sounds like some yokel who means to say "don't sit up"). The action is modified by 'dwAw' ("tomorrow") which is a noun of time being used adverbially. This is translated here simply by "tomorrow" since English can use "tomorrow" adverbially. The action is further modified by the unmarked adverb clause 'nj jjt.f' which involves a negated sDmt.f construction. The negation is accomplished by the negative particle 'nj'. 'jjt' is one of the many possible sDmt.f forms of the anom. verb 'jj/jwj' ("come"). Since the 'nj sDmt.f' construction in an adverb clause has the meaning "before he (has/had) heard", 'nj jjt.f' here means "before it has come". 22.20 m grg dwA(w) nj jjt.f Don't set up tomorrow before it has come. m = Don't, negative imperative grg = set up, negatival complement dwA(w) = tomorrow, object of grg nj jjt.f = before it has come, nj sDmt.f The main clause of this exercise is a negative imperative m grg dwAw, don't set up tomorrow. It is followed by an adverb clause with the negated sDmt.f. This is nj jjt.f, before it has come. 22.20 m grg dwAw nj jjt.f m - negative imperative grg - set up, found, establish dwAw - morning, tomorrow nj - negative particle jj- to come, here negated sDmt.f form: nj jjt.f SO: Don't set up tomorrow before it has come 22.20 ORIENTATION: Right to left, horizontal, prograde TRANSLITERATION: m grg dwAw nn jjt.f TRANSLATION: "Do not set up tomorrow before it has arrived." VOCABULARY: m = negative particle grg = verb, 3lit = "set up, provide for, found, establish" dwAw = noun, m = "morning, tomorrow" nn = negative particle jj = verb, anom = "come" f = suffix pronoun, 3ms GRAMMAR: m grg = negative imperative dwAw = direct object of grg nn iit = negative sDmt = "before" jjt.f = paradigm Vs GARDINER SIGNS: G17-W12:D21-U17:Y1-N14-G1-N5-D35-M18-M17-X1:D54-I9 G17 m W12:D21-U17:Y1 complement-complement-grg- Det WRITING N14-G1-N5 dwA-complement- Det SUN D35 nj M18-M17-X1:D54-I9 j-j-t- Det MOTION-f ============================================================================== From: To: "Ancient Egyptian Language List" Subject: AEL ALLEN GLYPHSTUDY COLLATION 22.15 Date: Sat, 1 Sep 2007 00:21:58 -0500 22.15 zmA.k tA r tA-smA n tA-wr, pr.kA.k r.k r tp qAA qA "You will land at the landing stage of This (the nome of Abydos) and then you will go up to the top of the high hill." This is definitely one for parallel construction, with lots of very similar words. zmA.k - prospective of the 3-lit. verb zmA "join" with 2MS suffix pronoun as subject tA - noun "land" object of zmA. "join land" is an idiom we express as "landing" in English. r - preposition "at" tA-smA - noun "landing stage" (literally "land of joining") object of r n - preposition "of", introducing indirect genitive tA-wr - proper noun "This", the name of the Nome of Abydos "You will land at the landing stage of This." pr.ka.k - sDm.ka.f of the 3ae-inf. verb prj "go up", indicating future consequence, with 2MS suffix pronoun as subject. r.k - prepositional phrase "with respect to you(rself)" r tp - prepositional phrase "toward the head" i.e. toward the top qaa - noun "hill" in direct genitive with tp qa - adjective "high" "(Then) you will go up with respect to yourself toward the top of a high hill." The verb "go up" doesn't the reflexive "with respect to yourself" in English, so it is left out of the translation. I gather the prospective in the first clause can be inferred from the sDm.ka.f in the second. ==============================================================================