From: "KMOTC" To: "Ancient Egyptian Language List" Subject: AEL ALLEN GLYPHSTUDY COLLATION 21.20 Date: Wed, 18 Jul 2007 01:48:30 -0500 21.20 aHa.n sxaw Hm n nTr pn psDt.f jab.tj m xt.f aHa.n rdj wDA Hm n nTr pn r HDwt Htp.f st.f m Hwt-nbw aHa.n - then (narrative continues) sxaj - cause to appear Hm - incarnation n - of, genetive nTr - god pn - this psDt.f - his Ennead jab - join together, unite tj - 3F suffix of the stative m xt.f - after him, in his wake rdj - passive of the verb to give wDA - to proceed, subjunctive rdj + subj = causal meaning HDwt - chapel Htp - occupy ( a seat), prospective active st.f - his seat Hwt-nbt - enclosure of gold SO: Then the incarnation of this god was made to appear, his Ennead joined together in his wake Then the incarnation of this god was made to proceed so that he might occupy his place in his enclosure of gold. 21.20 This selection consists of 2 sentences; each sentence has a passive verb in the main clause, and each sentence has a subordinate clause. SENTENCE 1, MAIN CLAUSE: aHa.n sxaw Hm n nTr pn, xaj (verb 3-weak); to appear sxaj (verb causative 3-weak); to make (someone or something) appear sxaw (passive form of the above); "(someone or something) was made to appear". Hm n nTr pn; "The incarnation of this god". This is the subject of the independent clause. The passive verb form and the subject are preceded by the usual introductory particle 'aHa.n' "Then" SENTENCE 1, SUBORDINATE CLAUSE psDt.f jab.tj [m xt.f] This is an adverbial clause, describing the circumstances and providing extra information about the action of the main clause psDt (noun); Ennead jab (verb 3-lit); to join together, unite m xt.f (prep phrase); behind him, in his wake jab.tj is the stative form of the verb; it has the 3fs pronominal suffix attached, indicating that his Ennead was in a state of being united or joined to him. psDt.f jab.tj m xt.f - the SUBJECT-stative construction (Allen 17.4). SENTENCE 2, MAIN CLAUSE aHa.n rdj wDA Hm n nTr pn r HDwt rdj (anomalous verb); (here) to cause wDA (verb 3-lit); to proceed. HDwt (noun); chapel For this construction, see Allen 19.10 (rdj + subjunctive). rdj followed by the verb 'to proceed' means the following (take your pick): "To cause (him) to proceed" "To have (him) proceed" "To make (him) proceed" As Allen points out in 19.10, the second verb in this construction is always put in the subjunctive, but the verb rdj can appear in any verb form. Here it is in the passive: "He was caused to proceed to the chapel" "He was made to proceed to the chapel" SENTENCE 2, SUBORDINATE CLAUSE Htp.f st.f m Hwt-nbw Htp (verb); to occupy (a seat) st.f (noun phrase); his place, his throne Hwt-nbw (proper noun); the Enclosure of Gold This dependent clause is a purpose clause; it tells WHY the Incarnation was made to proceed to the chapel. It was in order that he might occupy his place in the Enclosure of Gold. Here the verb 'Htp' is in the subjunctive. As usual, there is no overt indication that it's subjunctive. You just have to recognize that from its role in the sentence. 21.20 aHa.n sxaw Hm n nTr pn psDt.f jab.t[j m xt.f] ... aHa.n rdj wDA Hm n nTr pn r HDwt Htp.f st.f m Hwt-nbw Then the incarnation of that god was made to appear with his Ennead united in his train then the incarnation of that god was made to proceed to the chapel so that he might occupy his place in the enclosure of gold. aHa.n = Then, introductory word sxaw = was made to appear, passive of sxaj (CAUS. 3AE-INF.) Hm n nTr pn = the incarnation of that god, subject of sxaw psDt.f = (with) his ennead? jab.tj = united, stative m xt.f =in his train aHa.n = Then, introductory word rdj wDA =was made to proceed , passive of rdj + subjunctive wDA Hm n nTr pn = the incarnation of that god, subject r HDwt = to the chapel, prepositional phrase Htp.f = that he might occupy, subjunctive st.f = his place m Hwt-nbw = in the enclosure of gold The first line begins aHa.n sxaw Hm n nTr pn. The verb sxaj is a causative from the 3AE-INF. xaj, to appear. Although this class of verbs can have a w ending in the prospective, for example, the introductory aHa.n indicates that the sentence is about past action. Therefore the w ending is the passive. The subject is the phrase Hm n nTr pn, the incarnation of that god. The first line continues psDt.f jab.tj m xtj, an unmarked adverb clause with a SUBJECT-stative construction. The clause is circumstantial describing a state that applied to the action of the main clause. The start of the second line, aHa.n rdj wDA Hm n nTr pn, parallels that of the previous line. It starts with aHa.n and has the same subject, Hm n nTr pn. For the verb it uses the rdj + subjunctive construction to express the causative (§19.10). By analogy with the preceding line, the verb rdj is passive. It is followed by the verb wDA, proceed, which must be subjunctive. This clause ends with the prepositional phrase r HDwt, to the chapel. The second clause is Htp.f st.f m Hwt-nbw, an unmarked adverb clause. Thisis best interpreted as a clause of purpose with the verb in the subjunctive: so that he might occupy his place in the enclosure of gold. 21.20 Allen: description of a temple procession. Hwt-nbw = "enclosure of gold" (the shrine) ORIENTATION: Right to left, Horizontal, Normal TRANSLITERATION: aHa.n sxaw Hm n nTr pn psDt jab.tj jm xt.f aHa.n rdjw wDA Hm n nTr pn r HDwt Htp.f st.f m Hwt-nbw TRANSLATION: "Then the priest of this god will cause his Ennead to appear, it (the Ennead) being united after him. Then the priest of this god will be caused to proceed to the chapel where he will take his seat in the enclosure of gold." alternatively (and more probably because this is from a stela and such inscriptions normally relate past events) "Then the priest of this god was caused to appear. His Ennead being united after him. Then the priest of this god was caused to proceed to the chapel where he took his seat in the enclosure of gold." VOCABULARY: aHa.n = intructory verbal particle = "then" sxaj = verb, c3inf = "cause to appear" Hm n nTr pn = noun phrase = "priest of this god", QUESTION: is this the King? Technically, he's the only priest there is. The other people who bear the title `Hm' are stand-ins. I'll stick with "priest" until I know better. psDt = noun, f = "the Ennead" jab = verb, 3lit = "unite, join together" m Xt = prepositional phrase = "after, future" f = suffix pronoun, 3ms rdj = verb, anom = "cause, give, put" r = preposition wDA = verb, 3lit = "proceed" HDwt = noun, f = "chapel" Htp = adj. verb, 3lit = "calm, content, occupy (a seat)" st = noun, f = "seat" m = preposition GRAMMAR: aHa.n = particle sxaw Hm = paradigm VS, the verb is passive or prospective active Hm n nTr = indirect genitive construction nTr pn = the demonstrative pronoun pn follows its noun psDt.f = the suffix prounoun in a direct gentive construction, the object of sxaw and the preposed subject of the following subject stative. jab.tj = subject stative, 3fs agreeing with psDt. m Xt.f = prepositional phrase. Literally: "in his after" or possibly "behind/with him" aHa.n = another introductory particle rdjw wDA = rdj as a causative + subjunctive (19.10). Passive or prospective passive. If it were active, I would expect to find a direct object. wDa Hm n nTr pn = paradigm VS r HDwt = prepositional phrase indicating motion toward Htp.f st = paradigm VsO, Htp is perfective or prospective active. st.f = direct genitive GARDINER SIGNS: P6-D36:N35-S29-N28:D36-G43-Y1v-U36-Z1:N35-R8-Q3:N35-N10:X1-Z2:I9-M17- D36:W10-D58-U33-M17-G17-M3:Aa1*X1-D54:I9 P6-D36:N35-D21:D36-G43-U29-G1-D54-U36-Z1:N35-R8-Q3:N35-D21-T3-G43-X1- O18:O1-R4:X1*Q3-I9-Q1-X1:O1:I9-G17-O10 (O10 replaces Hwt-nTr which I could not find) P6-D36:N35 aHa-complement-n S29-N28:D36-G43-Y1v s-xa-complement-w-Det CONCEPTS U36-Z1 Hm- Used as ideogr of signs meant to be read as ideograms rather than phonograms N35 n R8 nTr Q3:N35 p-n N10:X1-Z2:I9 psD-t- used with words plural in meaning and with false plurals-f M17-D36:W10-D58-U33-M17 j-a- Det in words with ab, placed here for aesthetic reasons-b-t-j G17 m M3:Aa1*X1-D54:I9 xt-complement-complement-Det MOTION-f P6-D36:N35 aHa-complement-n D21:D36-G43 r-var for D37-w U29-G1-D54 DA-complement-Det MOTION U36-Z1 Hm- Used as ideogr of signs meant to be read as ideograms rather than phonograms N35 n R8 nTr Q3:N35 p-n D21 r T3-G43-X1-O18:O1 HD-w-t-Det for HDwt? (Allen mentions only kAr)-Det BUILDING R4:X1*Q3-I9 Htp-complement-complement-f Q1-X1:O1:I9 st-complement-Det BUILDING-f G17 m O10 (O10 replaces Hwt-nbw, which I could not find) QUESTION: what is the sign for Hwt-nbw? ============================================================================== From: "KMOTC" To: "Ancient Egyptian Language List" Subject: AEL ALLEN GLYPHSTUDY COLLATION 21.19 Date: Wed, 18 Jul 2007 01:47:08 -0500 21.19 nHm xwt z(j) r.f rdj.w n ntj m rwtj nHm = verb 3-lit = take away, save nHm = Passsive = has been taken away xwt = noun = things z(j) = noun = man r.f = preposition + suffix pronoun = from him nHm xwt z(j) r.f = the things of a man have been taken away from him rdj = anom. verb = give, put cause rdj.w = stative = has been given n = preposition = to ntj = relative adjective used as a noun (S12.7) ntj m = one who is in rwtj = nisbe = outside rdj.w n ntj m rwtj = have been given to one who is in the outside nHm xwt z(j) r.f rdj.w n ntj m rwtj = A man's things have been taken from him and given to one who is outside 21.19 nHm xwt z(j) r.f rdj.w n ntj m rwtj A man's things have been taken from him and given to one who is outside. nHm = have been taken, passive xwt zj = a man?s things, subject of nHm r.f =from him, rdj.w = given, stative n = to ntj m rwtj = one who is outside (§12.7) The main clause of this exercise is nHm xwt zj r.f. The verb nHm is 3-LIT. and so is the same in most sDm.f forms. However, it only makes sense if it is passive. The second part rdj.w n ntj m rwtj, might appear at first glance to start with another passive rdj. There are two objections to this. The first is that rdjw has no expressed subject. Secondly when used in an adverb clause the passive denotes prior circumstance, which is clearly not the case here. This clause is an unmarked adverb with the stative describing the result of the main clause, like the last example in §17.19. This type of clause is often best expressed in English as the second clause of a compound sentence. The phrase ntj m rwtj, which is the object of the preposition n, is an example of a (non-verbal) relative clause without an antecedent, functioning as a noun (§12.7). 21.19 read from right to left nHm Xwt zj r.f, rdj n ntj m rwtj Main clause: nHm - verb, 3-lit., passive = have been taken Xwt - noun, plural = things zj - noun = man (together with the above noun is direct genitive = things of a man/a man's things) r.f - preposition plus 3MS suffix pronoun = from him =A man's things have been taken away from him Direct relative clause, marked by the 'ntj' rdj - verb, anom., passive = have been given n - preposition = to ntj - relative adjective, marks relative clause, MS = the one who m - preposition = the 'm' of predication rwtj - nisbe = outside (with the "m" above is an adverbial predicate. = and has been given to the one who is outside. 21.19 Transliteration: jr jn.k, jmj n sn.k Dissection: 1) jr = Allen translates as "When..." In my opinion, it could possibly be interpreted as the jr before the prospective in the protasis of a conditional statement. 2) jn.k = "you will get," prospective in light of possible interpretation of jr. 3) jmj = imperative, "Give!" 4) n = "to" 5) sn.k = "your brother." Translation: If the conditional statement interpretation is followed: "If you will get, then give to your brother." Allen translates as: "When you get, give to your brother." (i.e., share your wealth) 21.19 ORIENTATION: Right to left, Horizontal, Normal TRANSLITERATION: 1) nHm xt z(j) r.f rdjw n nty m rwty 2) nHm xt z(j) r.f rdj.w n nty m rwty TRANSLATIONS: 1) "A man's property will be taken from him and will be given to the man outside." 2) "A man's property has been taken from him and has been given to the man outside." VOCABULARY: nHm = verb, 3lit = "take away, save" xt = noun, m = "thing" (see 4.4 for the gender of xt in this context) z(j) = noun, m = "man" r = preposition f = suffix pronoun, 1ms rdj = verb, anom = "give" n = preposition nty = relative adjective, refers to either animate or inanimate objects rwty = nisbe = "outside" GRAMMAR; nHm = prospective passive or passive. If it's prospective, the -w ending has been omitted. Must be passive, if it were active the sentence would mean "things take a man". nHm xt z(j) = Paradigm VSO. r.f = prepositional phrase, partitive meaning, "from him". f refers to z(j) rdjw = could be prospective passive, passive, or subject-stative (the masculine form refers to xt, which is masculine here. n = dative, "to" ntj = animate, "one who" m rwty = prepositional phrase GARDINER SIGNS: N35:N41-G17-A24-Aa1:X1-Y1:Z2-O34:A1*Z1-D21:I9-D21:D36-Z7- N35:N35:X1*Z4-G17-D21:Z7-X1*Z4:N1 N35:N41-G17-A24 n-H-m- Det. FORCE, EFFORT Aa1:X1-Y1:Z2 x-t-Det CONCEPTS- Det in PLURAL O34:A1*Z1 z-j-Used as ideogr of signs meant to be read as ideograms rather than phonograms D21:I9 r-f D21:D36-Z7 r-var for D37-w N35 n N35:X1*Z4 n-t-j G17 m D21:Z7-X1*Z4:N1 r-w-t-j- Det in rwt "gate" ============================================================================== From: "KMOTC" To: "Ancient Egyptian Language List" Subject: AEL ALLEN GLYPHSTUDY COLLATION 21.18 Date: Wed, 18 Jul 2007 01:46:04 -0500 21.18 read right to left aHa.n mA nA n kAwt aHa.n tw Ha.w jm wr rxt nbt Then those works were seen. Then there was excitement over it more than anything. aHa.n introductory word then mA verb 2ae-gem were seen nA demonstrative pronoun 5.8 those kAwt noun works aHa.n then tw one Ha.w verb 3ae-inf excited jm preposition 8.2.3 there wr rxt nbt anything 21.18 Two independent sentences. SENTENCE 1 aHa.n mA nA n kAwt mAA (verb 2-ae gem); to see kAwt (plural noun); work(s) aHa.n; (introductory particle) Allen points out in 21.8 that the verb 'mAA' uses the base form (mA) in the passive. So 'mA' translates to "it was seen", or "they were seen". nA n kAwt - 'these works' (Allen 5.9) "Then these works were seen." SENTENCE 2 aHa.n.tw Ha.w jm wr r xt nbt Haj (verb 2-weak); become aroused, become exited Ha.w is the 3rd person singular masculine stative form 'be in a state of excitement'. Here the subject is the impersonal subject pronoun 'tw' (see Allen 15.5). "Then someone/some people (was/were) in a state of excitement..." wr (adjective); great, important See Allen 6.8; the comparative is formed by adding the preposition phrase 'r (something)' to the adjective. Here the sense is that the excitement was 'wr r xt nbt'. This phrase describes the sense of excitement; it was greater than anything. 'jm' is the preposition 'm' being used adverbally with a sense of "there" or "in it". Allen 8.2.3 21.18 aHa.n = Then (introduces the passive in main clauses) mAA = verb 2ae-gem = see mA = passive = were seen nA = demonstrative pronoun (neutral, plural) = those n = genitival adjective = of - joins the pronoun to the noun (S5.9) kAwt = noun = works aHa.n mA nA n kAwt = Then those works were seen aHa.n.tw = then one (introduces subject-stative construction as a past tense) Haj = verb 3ae-inf = become aroused, excited Ha.w = stative = had become excited (I think this is the stative rather than the passive because aHa.n.tw has a suffix S.17.6) jm = adverbial preposition = of it aHa.n.tw Ha.w jm = Then one had become excited of it = Then one was excited over it (I am not sure about the translation of jm) wr = adjective = much, very r = with respect to wr r = more greatly than xt nbt = any thing wr r xt nbt = more greatly than anything aHa.n mA nA n kAwt aHa.n.tw Ha.w jm wr r xt nbt = Then those works were seen. Then one was excited over it, more greatly than anything. = Then those works were seen. Then one was excited more than anything. HMWK 21.18 read from right to left aHa.n mA nA n kAwt, aHa.n.tw Ha.w jm wr rHt nbt aHa.n - proclitic particle = then mA - verb,2ae-gm., transsitive, passive = were seen nA - demonstrative pronoun, after the noun, neutral, plural = these/those QUESTION n - preposition What is this for??? kAwt - noun, fem., plural, = works =Then those works were seen aHa.n.tw proclitic particle with impersonal pronoun = then one Ha.w - verb, 3ae-inf., (Haj), intransitive, passive = became excited jm - preposition = there, (used with passive if the agent of the passive is expressed) wr - adjective = great, elder, important rHt - verb,2-lit. QUESTION: And here it started to fall apart for me, I just can't get it. ============================================================================== From: "KMOTC" To: "Ancient Egyptian Language List" Subject: AEL ALLEN GLYPHSTUDY COLLATION 21.17 Date: Wed, 18 Jul 2007 01:44:48 -0500 21.17 read right to left aHa.n rdj.n sr(j) pn wDt m Hr.j m Dd m.k wD swab.k pA r-pr n AbDw rdj n.k Hmww r nt-a.f Hna wnwt-Hwt-nTr nt tA spAt Then that official assigned me a command. It has been commanded that you clean the temple of Abydos. You have been given craftsman for its hourly temple staff of that nome. aHa.n introductory word then rdj anomalous verb assigned (?) sr(j) noun official pn pronoun masculine singular that wDt noun command m preposition Hr preposition upon .j personal pronoun me m preposition in Dd verb 2-lit saying m.k particle 16.6.7 wD noun commanded swab verb caus. 3-lit clean .k personal pronoun you pA demonstrative pronoun that r-pr noun temple n prepositional nisbe of AbDw Abydos rdj verb anomalous given .k personal pronoun you Hmww noun craftsman r preposition for nt-a procedure .f 3ms its Hna as well as wnwt noun hourly staff Hwt-nTr temple tA pronoun feminine singular that nt prepositional nisbe of spAt noun nome 21.17 Transliteration: aHa.n rfj.n sr(j) pn wDt m Hr.j m Dd, m.k wD swab.k pA r-pr n AbDw rdj n.k Hmww r nt-a.f Hna wnwt-Hwt-nTr nt tA spAt Dissection: 1) aHa.n = "then" 2) rdj.n = "has caused/given" 3) sr(j) = "official" 4) pn = "that" 5) wDt = "command" 6) Hr.j = lit. "upon me" 7) m Dd = "saying" 8) m.k = lit. "Behold" 9) wD = "has been commanded" 10) swab.k = (that)"you clean" 11) pA = "the" 12) r-pr = "temple" 13) n = indirect genitive 14) AbDw = "Abydos" 15) rdj = "have been given" 16) n.k = "to you" 17) Hmww = "craftsmen" 18) r = "with respect to" 19) nt-a.f = "its procedure" 20) Hna = "and/as well as" 21) wnwt-Hwt-nTr = "hourly temple staff" (see 21.16) 22) nt = indirect genitive 23) tA = demon. pronoun 24) spAt = "nome" (i.e., administrative area) Translation: Then that official has given a command upon me, saying, "Behold, that you clean the temple of Abydos has been commanded. Craftsmen have been given to you as well as the hourly temple staff." 21.17 [A] aHa.n rdj.n sr(j) pn wDt m Hr.j m Dd, words: aHa.n = then rdj.n = has given sr(j) pn = that official wDt = command m Hr.j = in my face rdj m Hr = put in the face = assign Dd = infin form = to say, saying; m - Dd = m + infin. = concomitant action; so: X has given Y saying together: then that official assigned me (gave in my face) a command saying: [B] m.k wD swab.k pA r-pr n AbDw. words: m.k = behold wD = verb 2-lit `command' could be any of the sDm.f forms (except prosp.pass); here prob. passive so: it is/has been commanded swab.k = causative 3-lit `clean, purify'; so you clean r-pr = temple, chapel n AbDw = of Abydos together: (behold) it is/has been commanded (that) you clean the temple of Abydos [C] rdj n.k Hmww r nt-a.f Hna wnwt-Hwt-nTr nt tA spAt words: rdj n.k = `give', either perfective, prospective active or passive, or passive; here following the preceding clauses, probably passive, i.e. is given to you Hmww = plural of Hmw = craftsman nt-a = custom, practice, procedure; r nt-a.f = for its procedure Hna = together with wnwt-Hwt-nTr = temple's hourly staff (see 21.16) nt tA spAt = of this/that nome together: craftsmen are/have been given TO you for its procedure together with the temple's hourly staff of that nome better: you have been given craftsmen for its/the procedure together with/as well as the temple's hourly staff of that nome 21.17 transliteration: aHa.n rdj.n sr(j) pn wDt m Hr.j m Dd m.k wD swab.k pA r-pr n AbDw rdj n.k Hmww r nt-a.f Hna wnwt-Hwt-nTr nt tA spAt translation: Then this official gave me a command saying, "Look, it has been commanded (that) you purify the temple of Abydos. You have been given craftsmen for its procedure and the temple's hourly staff of that nome." This sentence begins 'aHa.n rdj.n sr(j) pn wDt m Hr.j'. This involves a verb in the perfect and is introduced by the introductory word 'aHa.n' which is typically translated "then". The verb is 'rdj.n' which is the perfect of the anomalous verb 'rdj' ("give, put"); here the base stem with 'r' is used. The subject of the clause is the noun phrase 'srj pn' which means "this official". The object of the verb is 'wDt', "command". Next is the prepositional phrase 'm Hr.j'. Allen states in the dictionary at the back of the book that 'rdj m Hr' is an idiom for "assign". The object of the preposition 'Hr' specifies the assignee; here this is the 1CS suffix pronoun 'j' ("me"). Since the perfect introduced by 'aHa.n' is generally used as a past tense, this leads to the translation "then this official assigned me a command". Since the phrase "assigned me a command" doesn't sound quite right, I'm inclined to translate the clause as "then this official gave me a command". The sentence concludes with a long prepositional phrase beginning with 'm Dd'. 'Dd' here is presumably the infinitive of the 2-lit. verb 'Dd', "say". A prepositional phrase with 'm' and the infinitive of a verb is used to describe action concomitant with that of the clause it is modifying; so 'm Dd' is translated here as "saying". 'Dd' has a compound direct object consisting of two unmarked noun clauses which represent quotes. The first of these is 'm.k wD swab.k pA r-pr n AbDw'. This clause starts off with the proclitic particle 'm.k' ("look"). This is followed by 'wD' which is the passive of the 2-lit. verb 'wD' which means "command". The subject of 'wD' is the unmarked noun clause 'swab.k pA r-pr n AbDw'. 'swab' is the subjunctive of the caus. 3-lit. verb 'swab' meaning "clean, purify"; the subjunctive is typically used for verbs in noun clauses that are the object of 'wD' (sec. 19.9). The subject of this clause is the 2MS suffix pronoun 'k' ("you"). The object of 'swab' is the noun phrase 'pA r-pr n AbDw' which means "the temple of Abydos". The passive is used to express perfect or past action; translating the passive with the English present perfect (natural given the context of the start of the sentence), 'm.k wD swab.k pA r-pr n AbDw' translates as "Look, it has been commanded (that) you purify the temple of Abydos." The other unmarked noun clause that is an object of 'Dd' is 'rdj n.k Hmww r nt-a.f Hna wnwt Hwt-nTr nt tA spAt'. This clause starts off immediately with the passive form of the anom. verb 'rdj'. This subject of the clause is 'Hmww r nt-a.f Hna wnwt-Hwt-nTr nt tA spAt'. 'Hmww' means "craftsmen". This is modified by the prepositional phrase 'r nt-a.f'; 'nt-a' is an idiom for "custom, practice, procedure", so 'r nt-a.f' translates as "for its procedure" where 'f' ("its") refers to the clause 'swab.k pA r-pr n AbDw'. 'Hna wnwt Hwt-nTr nt tA spAt' is a prepositional phrase modifying the 'Hmww'. The preposition is 'Hna' which means "together with"; its function here is effectively to conjoin 'wnwt-Hwt-nTr nt tA spAt' with 'Hmww', so 'Hna' is translated here using "and" and the subject in the English translation is a compound subject. The noun phrase 'Hwt-nTr' is an idiom for "temple". This phrase is in a direct genitive with 'wnwt' which mean "hourly staff"; 'wnwt-Hwt-nTr' is hyphenated as one word since in the writing of the glyphs, the A1 seated man and the Z3 plural strokes (which appear because this is a collective noun) appear at the end of the unit. 'wnwt-Hwt-nTr' is followed by the indirect genitive 'nt tA spAt'; the genitival adjective 'nt' agrees in gender (feminine) with wnwt. 'spAt' means "nome". The prepositional phrase 'n.k' means "for you". This dative appears before the subject since it involves a suffix pronoun. Putting it all together, and translating the passive with the present perfect as in the previous clause, we have that 'rdj n.k Hmww r nt-a.f Hna wnwt-Hwt-nTr nt tA spAt' means "craftsmen for its procedure and the hourly staff of that nome have been given to you" which can be rephrased as "you have been given craftsmen for its procedure and the hourly staff of that nome". ============================================================================== From: "KMOTC" To: "Ancient Egyptian Language List" Subject: AEL ALLEN GLYPHSTUDY COLLATION 21.16 Date: Wed, 18 Jul 2007 01:42:36 -0500 21.16 dj.n.j sbA.t(w) wnwt xwt ntr r jrt jrwt.sn dj rx.sn nt-a nt ra nb dj.n.j - perfect of the verb to give, sbA - (3lit verb) to teach. Here, subjunctive tw - passive suffix wnwt - hourly staff The verb dj + subjunctive have causative meaning. Literally 'I have caused the hourly staff to be taught' xwt ntr - 'place of the god', temple r jrt - r + infinitive 'in order that they may do' jrwt.sn - their duties dj - passive of the verb to give, cause rx - to know, here, subjunctive sn - them nt-a - custom, procedure nt - of, genetive ra - day nb - every SO: I had the hourly staff of the temple taught in order that they might do their duty and the procedure of every day was made known to them. 21.16 (A) dj.n.j [sbA.t(w)] wnwt-Hwt-nTr r jrt jrwt.sn, words: dj = make, do cause - perfect; here: I have caused sbA.tw = from 3-lit sbA "teach"; here passive `be taught' wnwt = hourly staff Hwt-ntr = god's enclosure = temple r = in order to jrt = infin of 3ae-inf jrj "make, do"; so- to make, to do jrwt = plural of jrt "duty"; so: their duties literally: I have made to be taught - the temple's hourly staff to do their duties better: I have made the temple's hourly staff be taught to do their duties (B) dj rx.sn nt-a nt ra nb words: dj from rdj; possibly less common form of imperative (normally jmj); or passive; or imperfective rx.sn subjunctive of rx; following rdj = causative meaning so: dj rx.sn = make/cause that they know! or, be made/caused (that) they know; or, was made they know nt-a = custom, practice, procedure ra = day, ra nb = every day literally: was made/caused that they know the procedure of every day better: that they were made to know the procedure of every day 21.16 Transliteration: dj.n.j [sbA.t(w)] wnwt-Hwt-nTr r jrt jrwt.sn, dj rx.sn nt-a nt ra nb Dissection: 1) dj.n.j = perfect, "I have caused/given/put..." 2) [sbA.t(w)] = from sbA (vb. 3-lit.) "teach" + .tw 2MS, infinitive, "you to teach" or ("your teaching") 3) wnwt = "hourly staff" 4) Hwt-nTr = "temple" (lit., "enclosure of the god") 5) wnwt-Hwt-nTr = direct genitive, "hourly staff of the temple" 6) r jrt = "with respect to doing" 7) jrwt.sn = "their duties" 8) dj = "give/cause/put" 9) rx.sn = "(that) they know" 10) nt-a = "custom/practice/procedure," lit. "what belongs to the hand" 11) nt = indirect genitive 12) ra = "day" 13) nb = "every" 14) ra nb = "every day" Translation: Literal: "I have caused your teaching of the hourly staff of the temple their duties that they know the procedure of every day was made." Paraphrase: "I had the hourly temple staff taught to do their duties so that there were made to know the every day procedure." 21.16 transliteration: dj.n.j sbA.t(w) wnwt-Hwt-nTr r jrt jr(w)t.sn dj rx.sn nt-a nt ra nb translation: I had the temple's hourly staff be taught to do their duties; they were made to know the procedure of each day. There are two independent clauses in this line. The first is 'dj.n.j sbA.t(w) wnwt-Hwt-nTr r jrt jr(w)t.sn'. Without any introductory particle, it starts off with 'dj.n.j' where 'dj.n' is the perfect of the anom. verb 'rdj'. The 1CS suffix pronoun 'j' attached to it denotes the subject ("I") of the clause. The object of the verb is the unmarked noun clause 'sbA.t(w) wnwt-Hwt-nTr r jrt jr(w)t.sn'. This starts off immediately with the subjunctive of the 3-lit. verb 'sbA' ("teach"). Attached is the passive suffix 'tw'. The subject of this noun clause is 'wnwt-Hwt-nTr' which is a chain of direct genitives. The noun phrase 'Hwt-nTr' is an idiom for "temple". This phrase is in a direct genitive with 'wnwt' which mean "hourly staff"; 'wnwt-Hwt-nTr' is hyphenated as one word since in the writing of the glyphs, the A1 seated man and the Z3 plural strokes (which appear because this is a collective noun) appear at the end of the unit. Last in this noun clause is the prepositional phrase 'r jrt jr(w)t.sn'. 'jrt' is the infinitive of the 3ae-inf. verb 'jrj' ("do"). The object of the infinitive is 'jrwt.sn' which means "their duties". The combination of 'r' and the infinitive is generally used to denote purpose, thus 'r jrt jrwt.sn' means "to do their duty". A form of 'rdj' followed by a noun clause with the subjunctive has causative meaning. Translating the perfect of 'rdj' here using an English past tense, we have that 'dj.n.j sbA.t(w) wnwt-Hwt-nTr r jrt jr(w)t.sn' means "I had the temple's hourly staff be taught to do their duties". The other independent clause in this line is 'dj rx.sn nt-a nt ra nb'. This clause starts off with the passive (here written as 'dj') of the anom. verb 'rdj'. The subject of this clause is the unmarked noun clause 'rx.sn nt-a nt ra nb'.This starts off with the subjunctive of the 2-lit. verb 'rx'. The 3CP suffix pronoun 'sn' attached is the subject ("they") of the clause. The object of 'rx' is the noun phrase 'nt-a nt ra nb'. 'nt-a' is an idiom for "custom, practice, procedure". This is followed by the indirect genitive 'nt ra nb'; the genitival adjective 'nt' agrees in gender (feminine) with 'nt-a'. 'ra nb' means "each day" or "every day". The passive of 'rdj' whose subject is a noun clause containing the subjunctive has causative meaning. Treating the passive of 'rdj' here as a past tense, we have that 'dj rx.sn nt-a nt ra nb' means "that they know the procedure of each day was caused" or in more colloquial English "they were made to know the procedure of each day". ============================================================================== Date: Fri, 20 Jul 2007 11:55:03 +0200 From: Serge Rosmorduc To: Ancient Egyptian Language List Subject: AEL New JSesh version Hello, I have just published a new JSesh version, my free hieroglyphic text editor. The main new features are: * lots of new hieroglyphs (around 300 gods or so :) thanks to M. S. Thomas * a palette for selecting the signs (currently quite simple). * better handling of pictures on the mac (well, this was already available in some non official versions). * some new texts (mostly Papyri from Deir el Medineh, thanks to P. Cassonnet). The download site is : http://jsesh.qenherkhopeshef.org/download/ Best regards, S. Rosmorduc ==============================================================================