From: "KMOTC" To: "Ancient Egyptian Language List" Subject: AEL SCARAB TRANSLATION 1.8 Date: Mon, 29 Jan 2007 17:20:08 -0600 1.8 tpw n xnr.s st St St St ( could be read as:Stwt) mDw sfx(w) the number of her harem: 317 women 1.8 tpw n xnr.s zt 317 and the persons of her harem, 317 women. When written with a person determinative and followed by numeral, 'tp' is translated person. (Possibly the same idea as when we say in English 100 head of cattle.) This line seems to be of the same nature, despite the addition of 'n xnr.s' to 'tpw' and 'zt' to the numeral 317. Alternatively, 'tp' can sometimes be translated as "best", which would give"the best (female ones) of her harem, 317 women". In a less literal translation one might substitute "entourage" for "harem". 1.8 transliteration: tpw n xnr.s zt 317 translation: the number of her harem: 317 women This line starts with 'tpw n xnr.s' where 'tpw' is a noun meaning "number" and is followed by the indirect genitive 'n xnr.s'. The genitival adjective agrees in gender (masculine) and number (singular) as 'tpw'. 'xnr' ("harem") has the 3FS suffix pronoun 's' attached to indicate possession ("her"). This is followed by 'zt 317' which consists of the noun 'zt' ("woman") followed by the number 317. As is not uncommon with a noun followed by a cardinal number (sec. 9.4), the singular form 'zt' is used. 317 is written using the numerals V1 (100) repeated 3 times, V20 (10) once, and Z1 repeated 7 times. 1.8 tpw n xnr.s st(w) 317 (the number of her harem is 317) the number of women of her retinue totals 317 tpw uses the woman determinative 317 uses woman determinative 1.8 Transliteration: tpw n xnr.s stw 317 Translation: the number of persons in her harem 317 women tpw = (number of) x persons - plural n = of - preposition xnr-s = harem + s = her - 3fs st(w) = women number: 317 1.8 Transliteration: tpw n xnr=z z(w)t 317 Dissection: twp = "the number of persons," in this case "women" judging by the determinative. n = indirect genitive xnr=z = "her 'harem'" A very interesting discussion on the meaning of xnr is available at http://egyptologist.org/discus/messages/41/8618.html?1059135109 It appears to not necessarily be equivalent to "our"understanding of a harem, but more possibly a group of slaves who performed music and dance. xnr is most likely associated with the word xnrj, a nisbe meaning"prisoner." z(w)t = women 317 = in Egyptian numerals Translation: (Paraphrases) There were 317 women in her "harem." or - There were 317 female singers and dancers accompanying her. QUESTION: (or was Gilukhipa one of the 317 singers and dancers?) 1.8 tpw n xnr=s st 317 tpw - pl. person (here, feminine plural) n - of, genitive xnr=s - his harem st - women SO: The number of persons in his harem: 317 women ***************************************************** 1.8 tpw n xnr(w).s st 317 tpw - with the determinative B1, does this = female heads, ie women n = of xnr(w).s = her harem st 317 = they are 317 the number of women in her harem is 317 1.8 tpw n xnri .s st 317 The number of women of her harem, 317 ============================================================================== From: "KMOTC" To: "Ancient Egyptian Language List" Subject: AEL SCARAB TRANSLATION 1.7 Date: Mon, 29 Jan 2007 16:09:22 -0600 1.7 sA-ti-r-nA kyr-gy-pA Shuttarna, Gilukhepa 1.7 SA-Tj-r-nA ky-r-gy-pA Shuttarna (name of the ruler of Nahrin), Gilukhipa daughter of S.) 1.7 sA.tj-r-nA kj-r-gj-pA Shuttarna, Gilukhepa, Two proper names. On the writing of foreign names see Essay 17. Continuing the previous line, Shuttarna is the name of the chief of Naharin. Gilukhepa is the princess. In English we would probably prefer to rearrange these two lines for greater clarity, e.g. Gilukhepa, the daughter of Shuttarna, the chief of Naharin. 1.7 transliteration: sA-tj-r-nA ky-r-gy-pA translation: Shuttarna, Gilukhipa This line simply consists of two names which are transliterated and translated in the vocabulary list. 1.7 sA-ti-r-nA ky-r-gy-pA Shuttarna Gilukhipa Perhaps these two names might be read along with previous line i.e. eldest daughther, Gilukhipa, of Shuttarna of Narahin I take it that Shuttarna is the family name of Gilukhipa. 1.7 Transliteration: sA-tj-r-nA ky-r-gy-pA Translation: Shuttarna Gilukhipa Proper nouns - names 1.7 Transliteration: sA-tj-r-n-A k-j-r-g-j-pA Dissection: 1) sA-tj-r-n-A = Shuttarna II 2) k-j-r-g-j-pA = Gilukhipa Translation: This line is simply the name of Gilukhipa and her father Shuttarna. Taken together, lines 1.6 and 1.7: [A daughter of the "king" of Naharin,] Shuttarna,Gilukhipa. (From Wikipedia (not scholarly, but informative): Shuttarna was a descendant and probably son of king Artatama. He was an ally of the Egyptian Pharaoh Amenhotep III and the diplomatic dealings of the kings are recorded in the Amarna letters. Shuttarna's daughter Kilu-Hepa (sometimes spelled Gilukhipa) Was given to Amenhotep III in marriage to seal the alliance between the two royal houses in the Pharoah's tenth regnal year, taking with her a great dowry. ********************************************************** 1.7 sA-tj-r-nA ky-r-gy-pA sA-tj-r-nA - Shuttarna (judging from wiki, a Hurrian king and the father of Gilukhipa :) ) ky-r-gy-pA - Gilukhipa (the new wife of Amenhotep III) SO: (continuing from the previous line: daughter of a chief of Naharyn...) ... [called] Shuttarna - Gilukhipa 1.7 sA tj r nA) proper name = Shuttarna (ky r gy pA) paoper noun = Gilukhipa These are two proper names in juxtaposition, so it must be +Shuttarna and Gilukhipa *************************************************** 1.7 sAtirnA = Shuttarna kyrgypA = Gilukhipa ============================================================================== From: "KMOTC" To: "Ancient Egyptian Language List" Subject: AEL SCARAB TRANSLATION 1.6 Date: Mon, 29 Jan 2007 16:02:18 -0600 1.6 zAt wr nhrnA the daughter of the chief of Naharin This is a noun phrase with two direct genitives. Naharin is written in a more abbreviated form than in the Marriage Scarab. ***************************************************************** 1.6 transliteration: zAt wr n n-hA-ry-nA translation: daughter of the ruler of Naharin This line is a noun phrase. 'zAt' ("daughter") is in a direct genitive with 'wr'. According to Faulkner, 'wr' ("chief, great one") can be used to mean ruler of a foreign land. 'wr' is followed by the indirect genitive 'n n-hA-ry-nA' ("of Naharin"). 1.6 sAt smsw n n-hA-ry-nA (the) eldest daughter of Naharin 1.6 Transliteration: sAt wr n n-h(A)-r(y)-nA Translation: Daughter of a chief of Naharyn sAt = daughter - noun wr = chief - from 2ae gem. adjective -verb wrr) n-h(A)-r(y)-nA = Naharyn - proper noun 1.6 Transliteration: zAt wr n nhrnA Dissection: zAt = "daughter" wr = "elder, chief, 'great one'" (zAt wr = direct genitive) n = indirect genitive nhrnA = "Naharin," the "throwing stick" determinative T14 means FOREIGN. Translation: A daughter of the "king" of Naharin. NOTE: The Mitanni (Naharin) The Mitanni were an Indo-European (Hurrian) people whose kingdom in northern Mesopotamia flourished From about 1600 (Second Intermediate Period) until it wasconquered by the Hittite King Suppiluliumas during the reign of Akhenaten. At its peak, the empire stretched from Kirkuk (ancient Arrapkha) and the Zagros mountains in western Iran in the east, through Assyriato the Mediterranean sea in the west. Its center wasin the region of the Khabur River, where its capital, Wassukkani was probably located. The greatest Mitanni king was Saustatar who reigned during the time of Tuthmose III. Under the reign of Tuthmose IV, More friendly relations were established between The Egyptians and the Mitanni. The daughter of King Artatama was married to Tuthmose, and the daughters of Shuttarna II (Gilukhipa) and Tushratta (Tadukhipa) were married to Amenhotep III. Notes from: http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Acropolis/7987/mitann_1.html 1.6 zAt wr n n-h[A]-r[y]-nA zAt - daughter wr - chief (here A20 is an ideogram) n - of, genetive n-h[A]-r[y]-nA - Naharyn SO: daughter of a chief of Naharyn 1.6 (sAt n n-hA-ry-nA) (sAt) noun = daughter, but with the determinitive (A20) = eldest daughter (n) preposition = of (n-hA-ry-nA) place name = Naharin = the eldest daughter of Naharin 1.6 sAt smsw n nXrnA sAt = daughter smsw (A20 - old man with forked stick) = eldest son n = of nXrnA = Naharina the daughter of the Prince of Naharina 1.6 sAt wr n nhrnA A daughter of the Chief of Naharin ============================================================================== From: "KMOTC" To: "Ancient Egyptian Language List" Subject: AEL SCARAB TRANSLATION 1.5 Date: Mon, 29 Jan 2007 02:50:28 -0600 1.5 bjAywt jnnyt n Hm.f anx.(w)-wDA.(w)-snb.(w) the marvels which were brought to His Incarnation lph: In his edition of the text De Buck comments that 'jnnyt' would normally be 'jnyt' with the base stem: the ending shows that is a perfective passive participle (§23.5.3). Participles are verb forms specifically designed to serve as adjectives (§23.1). They are the normal way that Egyptian expresses a relative clausewith verbal predicate (§23.19) recall that a relative clause is a clause used like an adjective (§12.2). The participle 'jnnyt' is written with plural strokes. This shows that it is plural, although, like other adjectives, the feminine plural ending is the same as the feminine singular. This confirms that the noun with which it agrees is the plural form 'bjAywt'. Here the participle and the following words this line are a clause modifying the noun 'bjAywt', "wonders". So this line is a noun phrase. Possibly, it is to be read as a heading introducing the wonders that follow (cf.the Lion Hunt Scarab). 1.5 transliteration: bjAyt jnnyt n Hm.f anx.(w)-wDA.(w)-snb.(w) translation: a marvel which was brought to his Incarnation lph The phrase in this line consists of the noun 'bjAyt' ("marvel") modified by the relative clause 'jnnyt n Hm.f anx.(w)-wDA.(w)-snb.(w)'. Presumably, the "marvel" referred to is Gilukhipa, the daughter of the ruler of Naharin, mentioned in the next two lines. 'jnnyt' is evidently a perfective passive participle from the 3ae-inf. verb 'jnj'. It agrees in gender (feminine) with 'bjAyt', the noun it modifies. QUESTION: I can not explain the doubling of the radical 'n'; one would normally expect the perfective passive participle of 'jnj' to be 'jnyt'. Given the stem ending of 'jnnyt' and the grammar and meaning of the phrase in line 5, however, it is difficult not to conclude that we are dealing with a perfective passive participle here. Being a participle, 'jnnyt' denotes both the subject and the verb of the relative clause. 'jnj' means "fetch, get"; since the participle 'jnnyt' has passive meaning, it is translated here as "which was brought". 'jnnyt' is followed by the dative 'n Hm.f anx.(w)-wDA.(w)-snb.(w)'. 'anx.(w)-wDA.(w)-snb.(w)' is a standard epithet used after words referring to the king (sec. 17.20.2). 1.5 biAy(t) wonders ini.n were brought n to Hm.f His majesty anx (w) may he live long, [wDA(w) be prosperous (and) snb(w) be healthy ] l.p.h. In this case biAy(t) could be taken to mean the actual determinative (sledges) as they brought Gilukhipa along with her entourage 1.5 Transliteration: bjAyt(w) jn.ny.t(w) n Hmf anx(w)-(w)DA.(w)-s(nb.w) Translation: The wonders which were brought to his Majesty, may he have all life, prosperity and health. bjAyt(w) = wonders - plural noun jn.ny.t(w) = brought, which were brought - perfect relative, form of weak verb jnj (Allen 24.2.1) n = to - preposition Hm.f = His Majesty - noun + 3ms personal pronoun anx.(w)-(w) DA.(w)-s(nb.w) = all life, prosperity, health - 3rd person = stative, wish for life and health (Allen 17.20.2) 1.5 Transliteration: bjAyt jnnyt n Hm=f anx.(w)-(w)DA.(w)-s(sb.w) Dissection: QUESTION: bjAyt = marvels, wonders [NOTE: I am wondering if this should be bjAytw, i.e. plural?] jnnyt = "which were 'fetched'", this appears to be a perfective relative form of the verb jnj (discussed in Allen, 24.2.1) n = "to" Hm=f = "His Majesty" anx.(w)-(w)DA.(w)-s(sb.w) = the set phrase, abbreviated l.p.h. "life, prosperity, health" Translation: The marvels which were brought to His Majesty, may he have life, prosperity, and health. 1.5 b[jA]yt jnnyt n Hm=f anx.(w)-wdA.(w)-snb.(w) bjAyt = inf. of the verb to wonder, marvel, i.e. wonders anx.(w)-wdA.(w)-snb.(w) = lhp (alive, sound and healthy), see Allen 17.20.2 jnnyt = (perfect passive feminine particle from the verb jnj, to fetch), which are brought SO: Wonders which are brought to His Majesty, may he be alive, sound and healthy QUESTION: PS. not really sure about this being a particle, but it appears the likeliest solution 1.5 Line 5 QUESTION? (biAyt jnj.n yt n Xm.f) I have no idea what this is!! (biAyt) noun, plural = marvels, miracles (jnj.n) verb, 2ae-inf., perfect = having brought, having fetched (n) preposition = to (Xm.f) = His Majesty "L - H - P" = May he be prosperous! QUESTION: It seems like an unmarked adverb clause?, but I'm having trouble putting it together. =Having brought marvels, may His Majesty be prosperous and well. ******************************************************* 1.5 bj(A)ywt jnnytw n Hm= f anx wdA bj(A)ywt = wonders jnj = verb 3ae inf = fetch, get, use QUESTION: jnnytw - this has had me really puzzled, however I think it must come under chapter 23 - Participles: the second sign is doubled and there can be an ending to agree with gender and number. Possibly, therefore it is jnny with tw for feminine plural (to agree with wonders). As I have no intention of ploughing through chapter 23 now I am guessing that it means 'brought' n = preposition = to Hm= f = his Majesty anx wdA snb = alive, sound and healthy (S17.20.2) ==============================================================================